Summarizing Energy Bands 

 

When a large number of impurity atoms are added to the solid, a band of energies form in the band gap of the material. The placement of this band depends on the nuclear charge of the impurity atoms. This band, the impurity band, along with the conduction (excited state) and valence (ground state) bands are characteristic of the luminescent solids that make up objects such as fluorescent minerals, phosphorescent toothbrushes, and the coating found inside fluorescent tubes.

 

So far we have used an extremely large concentration of impurities so that we could emphasize how the impurity band is created. In real solids, the impurity concentration is typically on the order of 10-6.

 

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